Wheeling Township's boundary is delineated by: Northern Boundary — the south side of Lake Cook Rd.; Western Boundary — the east side of Wilke Rd.; Southern Boundary — north side of Central Rd.; Eastern Boundary — (generally) River Rd. north to where Milwaukee Rd. connects to Lake Cook Rd. Segments of Northbrook and Glenview east of Milwaukee and River Roads are also included.
Per the 2021 census gazetteer files, Wheeling Township has a total area of 36.03 square miles.